Article

Effective governance and the doctrine of “total defence” as factors of state stability in wartime

Ivan Cherlenіak Marian Tokar
Abstract

In wartime, effective governance and the doctrine of “total defence” are critical factors that ensure the stability, security, and sovereignty of the state. The purpose of this study was to investigate the aspects of the effectiveness of management of the national security and defence system of the state. Analytical modelling of the systemic components of Ukraine’s resilience in wartime through the lens of the total defence doctrine and the concept of social self-organisation was used. The study investigated the barriers and difficulties in preparing the public authorities of Ukraine for effective management of resistance to the threats of hybrid warfare and threats of a full-scale high-intensity war along the entire line of the state border of Ukraine with the Russian Federation. The study analysed the specific features of the lowintensity hybrid war of 2014-2021 and the specific features of the initial stage of the high-intensity war of 2022. The study considered the achievements, omissions, shortcomings, and mistakes of public administration bodies and official systems in the first stages of the full-scale invasion of the Russian occupation forces into the cities and villages of Ukraine. It was shown that as a result, the Ukrainian defence forces were unable to organise an effective response to the largescale invasion of Russian troops in a prompt and complete manner. The study analysed the principles of organisation of the total defence system by public administration bodies of the Scandinavian and Baltic States. It was proved that at the present stage of the country’s defence, the concept of strengthening the resilience of the country’s social, economic, and military potential should be the most expedient. It was substantiated that in a high-intensity positional war, effective public administration should be based on the concept of resilience, which is systematically linked to the doctrine of total defence of Ukraine. The findings of this study can be used by governments and civil society institutions for management and coordination strategies for agencies in times of war

Keywords

preservation of statehood; state security; management system; resilience; economic stability

Download article

Received 22.02.2024, Revised 02.05.2024, Accepted 18.06.2024

Retrieved from Volume 17, No. 1, 2024

Suggested citation

Cherlenіak, I., & Tokar, M. (2024). Effective governance and the doctrine of “total defence” as factors of state stability in wartime. Democratic Governance, 17(1), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.23939/dg2024.05

https://doi.org/10.23939/dg2024.05

Pages 5-17

References

[1] Abnormal situation – Zelensky comments on Khomchak-Taran conflict for the first time. (2021). Retrieved from https://24tv.ua/zelenskiy-vpershe-prokomentuvav-konflikt-homchaka-tarana_n1666985.

[2] Alshamy, Y., Coyne, C.J., Goodman, N.P., & Wood, G. (2024). Polycentric defense, Ukraine style: Explaining Ukrainian resilience against invasion. Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice, 39(1), 36-58. doi: 10.1332/251569121X16795569226712.

[3] Bazhunaishvili, L., & Gorgiladze, I. (2022). The Russian war against Ukraine and remake of European security architecture: Dynamics and prospects. European Journal of Transformation Studies, 10(2), 235-258.

[4] Bondarenko, O.S. (2023). Corruption activities in the defence sector in martial law and the post-war period: Characteristics and counteractions. Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, 3, 323-327. doi: 10.24144/27886018.2023.03.59.

[5] Burdiug, M.M. (2023). Populism as a challenge to democratic processes in the European Union. Bulletin of the National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”. Series: Political Science, Sociology and Law, 1(57), 49-54. doi: 10.20535/2308-5053.2023.1(57).280788.

[6] Cherlenyak, I. (2010). Synergistic models of optimization of the public administration system. Uzhgorod: Lira.

[7] Chornous, V.Y. (2011). Problems of overcoming the bicephalism of the executive power in Ukraine. Subcarpathian Law Herald, 1, 94-104.

[8] Decision of the City Council No. 16/VIII-8 “On the Program for the Preparation of Territorial Defence and Preparation of the Population of Chernihiv for Participation in the National Resistance Movement for 20222023”. (2022, February). Retrieved from https://chernigiv-rada.gov.ua/rishennya-sesii/sid-59/scid-16/id52468/.

[9] Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 121/2021 “On the Decision of the National Security and Defence Council of Ukraine ‘On the Military Security Strategy of Ukraine’”. (2021, March). Retrieved from https://www.president. gov.ua/documents/1212021-37661.

[10] Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 479/2021 “On the Decision of the National Security and Defence Council of Ukraine ‘On the Implementation of the National Resilience System’”. (2021, August). Retrieved from https:// www.rnbo.gov.ua/ua/Ukazy/5017.html.

[11] Estonian Ministry of Defence. (2010). State defence strategy. Retrieved from http://www.kaitseministeerium.ee/ sites/default/files/elfinder/article_files/riigikaitse_strateegia_2010_0.pdf.

[12] Everything you need to know about national defence and national resistance. (2022). Retrieved from https:// armyinform.com.ua/2022/01/01/use-shho-treba-znaty-pro-teroboronu-ta-naczionalnyj-sprotyv/.

[13] Ex-president of “Motor Sich” Boguslaev’s arrest extended. (2024). Retrieved from https://www.rbc.ua/rus/news/ eks-prezidentu-motor-sichi-boguslaevu-prodovzhili-1713356751.html.

[14] Fediyenko, O. (2022). The formation of the Territorial Defence Forces is planned to be completed by February 15. Retrieved from https://i-visti.com/news/11310-oleksandr-fedyenko-formuvannya-sil-teritoralnoyi-oboroniplanuyetsya-zavershiti-do-15-lyutogo.html.

[15] Ganor, M., & Ban-Lavy, Y. (2003). Community resilience: Lessons derived from Gilo under fire. Journal of Jewish Communal Service, 79, 105-108.

[16] Haj-Nyzhnyk, P. (2022). War for life. Diplomatic Ukraine, 23, 31-52. doi: 10.37837/2707-7683-2022-2.

[17] How Mariupol faces the threat of a full-scale war. (2022). Retrieved from https://www.kyiv-dialogue.org/uk/ novini/newsreader/jak-zustrichaje-mariupol-zagrozu-povnomasshtabnoji-vijni.html.

[18] Ilnytskyi, V., Starka, V., & Haliv, M. (2022). Russian propaganda as an element of preparation for armed aggression against Ukraine. Ukrainian Historical Journal, 5, 43-55. doi: 10.15407/uhj2022.05.043.

[19] Jackson, S., & Ferris, T.L.J. (2012). Infrastructure resilience: Past, present, and future. Retrieved from https://www. researchgate.net/publication/277142087_Infrastructure_Resilience_Past_Present_and_Future.

[20] Kozub, M., & Mitręga, A. (2023). Change in the security architecture in Europe as a result of the war in Ukraine. Maritime Security Yearbook, 17, 283-302. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1298.

[21] Kudlenko, A. (2023). Roots of Ukrainian resilience and the agency of Ukrainian society before and after Russia’s full-scale invasion. Contemporary Security Policy, 44(4), 513-529. doi: 10.1080/13523260.2023.2258620.

[22] Law of Ukraine No. 1702-IX “On the Foundations of National Resistance”. (2021, July). Retrieved from https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1702-20#Text.

[23] Lobko, M., Fuchko, A., & Kopistira, V. (2022). Composition and structure of the Ukrainian defense organization model. Collection of Scientific Works of the Center for Military and Strategic Research of the National Defense University of Ukraine, 1(74), 6-11. doi: 10.33099/2304-2745/2022-1-74/6-11.

[24] Maru, Y.T. (2010). Resilient regions: Clarity of concepts and challenges to systemic measurement. Socio-Economics and the Environment in Discussion CSIRO Working Paper Series, article number 2010-04.

[25] Nazarov, M.S. (2020). National resilience of Ukraine: From conceptual foundations to practical implementation. Politicus, 2, 64-69. doi: 10.24195/2414-9616-2020-2-64-69.

[26] New military doctrine. What defence strategy will Ukraine implement. (2021). Retrieved from https://lb.ua/ news/2021/03/29/480990_nova_voienna_doktrina_yaku_strategiyu.html.

[27] Palyvoda, V. (2020). Total defence: Polish approach to the problem. Retrieved from https://niss.gov.ua/news/statti/ totalna-oborona-polskiy-pidkhid-do-problemi.

[28] Petyk, L.O., & Batsman, I.V. (2023). Public procurement under martial law. Problems of Modern Transformations. Series: Economics and Management, 9. doi: 10.54929/2786-5738-2023-9-08-03.

[29] Prygunova, A., Tuboltsev, L., Narivskyi, A., & Sokol, L. (2022). Aluminum industry of Ukraine: From decline to potential growth. Metal and Casting of Ukraine, 30(3), 8-20. doi: 10.15407/steelcast2022.03.008.

[30] Pyrozhkov, S. (2022). About the national report of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “National resilience of Ukraine: Strategy for responding to challenges and preventing hybrid threats”. Visnyk of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5, 45-55. doi: 10.15407/visn2022.05.045.

[31] Rabinovych, M., Brik, T., Darkovich, A., Savisko, M., Hatsko, V., Tytiuk, S., & Piddubnyi, I. (2023). Explaining Ukraine’s resilience to Russia’s invasion: The role of local governance. Governance, 37(4), 1121-1140. doi: 10.1111/gove.12827.

[32] Reznik, O. (2022). Collective identity under conditions of war: From an inferiority complex to a nation of winners. Retrieved from https://dif.org.ua/article/kolektivna-identichnist-za-umov-viyni-vid-kompleksu-menshovartostido-natsii-peremozhtsiv.

[33] Reznikova, O. (2022). National sustainability in a changing security environment security environment. Kyiv: NISS.

[34] Scherbak, S. (2023). Studying populism: A theoretical framework and the case of Ukraine. Ideology and Politics Journal, 1(23), 108-126. doi: 10.36169/2227-6068.2023.01.00004.

[35] Strategy of Military Security of Ukraine “Military Security – Comprehensive Defence”. (2021, March). Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/121/2021#n15.

[36] Territorial defence of Chernihiv. What does the mayor propose? (2022). Retrieved from https://newch.tv/ terytorialna-oborona-chernihova-shcho-proponuie-miskyy-holova-60016/.

[37] The Accounting Chamber confirms embezzlement of food in the Ministry of Defence under Reznikov – media. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2023/10/31/706084/.

[38] The historical parallels between the two wars are the consequences of underestimating the enemy and ignoring warnings. (2023). Retrieved from https://defpol.org.ua/publication/istoricni-paraleli-miz-dvoma-vijnaminaslidki-nedoocinki-protivnika-ta-nehtuvanna-poperedzennami.

[39] The level of stability and cohesion of citizens of Ukraine (according to the results of sociological research). (2023). Retrieved           from        https://niss.gov.ua/news/statti/riven-stiykosti-ta-zhurtovanosti-hromadyan-ukrayiny-zarezultatamy-sotsiolohichnykh.

[40] The Ministry of Defence purchased “camouflage” jackets that turned into “winter air protection” jackets on the way from Turkey, and their price increased almost three times per piece. (2023). Retrieved from https://svidomi. in.ua/page/minoborony-zakupylo-kamufliazhni-kurtky-iaki-po-dorozi-z-turechchyny-peretvorylysia-na-zymovipovitrozakhysni-a-ikhnia-tsina-zrosla-maizhe-u-try-razy-za-shtuku.

[41] The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted in the second reading and as a whole Law No. 10449 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Certain Issues of Military Service, Mobilization and Military Registration”. (2024). Retrieved from https://www.rada.gov.ua/news/razom/248328.html.

[42] Vitaliy Klychko appealed to the people of Kyiv, who care about the country’s future: Join territorial defence to protect your families and your city. (2022). Retrieved from https://kyivcity.gov.ua/news/vitaliy_klichko_ zvernuvsya_do_kiyan_yakim_ne_bayduzhe_maybutnye_krani_vstupayte_do_teritorialno_oboroni_schob_zakhistiti_ svo_rodini_ta_svoye_misto/.

[43] Why was the production of scarce 152-mm shells established only now? (2022). Retrieved from https://texty.org. ua/fragments/108421/chomu-vyrobnyctvo-deficytnyh-152-mm-snaryadiv-nalahodyly-tilky-zaraz/.

[44] Zubrytska, M. (Ed.). (1996). Anthology of world literary and critical thought of the twentieth century. Lviv: Chronicle.

[45] Zvarych, S. (2022). Technologies for disrupting the state defence order. Retrieved from https://zn.ua/ukr/internal/ tekhnolohiji-zrivu-derzhavnoho-oboronnoho-zamovlennja-.html.